Many of us are facing challenges that can be stressful, overwhelming, and cause strong emotions in adults and children. Public health actions, such as physical distancing, can make us feel isolated and lonely and can increase stress and anxiety. eople may have strong and lingering reactions. Learning healthy ways to cope and getting the right care and support can help reduce stressful feelings and symptoms.

How To Handle Stress ?

The symptoms may be physical or emotional. Common reactions to a stressful event can include : 1. Disbelief2. Feelings of fear, shock, anger, sadness, worry, numbness, or frustration3. Changes in appetite, energy, desires, and interests4. Difficulty sleeping or nightmares, concentrating, and making decisions5. Physical reactions, such as headaches, body pains, stomach problems, and skin rashes6. Worsening of chronic health problems7. Worsening of mental health conditions It's natural to feel stress, anxiety, grief, and worry during traumatic events .

So Basically What Are The Symptoms Of this Well Known Stress ? 

1. Take breaks from watching, reading, or listening to news stories, including those on social media. It’s good to be informed but hearing about the traumatic event constantly can be upsetting. Consider limiting news to just a couple of times a day and disconnecting from phone, tv, and computer screens for a while.2. Take care of yourself. Eat healthy, exercise, get plenty of sleep, and give yourself a break if you feel stressed out.3.Make time to unwind. Try to do some other activities you enjoy.4.Connect with your community- or faith-based organizations .

Healthy Ways to Cope with Stress 

1. Talk to others. Talk with peopleexternal icon you trust about your concerns and how you are feeling. Share your problems and how you are feeling and coping with a parent, friend, counselor, doctor .2. Avoid drugs and alcohol. These may seem to help, but they can create additional problems and increase the stress you are already feeling. So in this way you can cope up with your stress feelings .

Two Most Important Tips For Getting Out Of Stress .

Nowadays managing stress is important so by following this you may have control on this feeling called stress

Everyday tension takes a heavy toll on your health. Learn how to identify common, ongoing stressors and how to deal with stress effectively.

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

health

Health

mentalhealth

Mental Health

communication

Communication

10 Simple Ways to Cope with Stress

There are many incidents in your life when you expected so much and received an empty box labelled 'HAHA 🤣🤣'. So you are not alone. The Community "EXPECTATORS" is a Non-existing community where people expects too much from life but gets very little. In this stash, I would like to discuss about some ideas on how you maximize your positive outcome. Since these are based on my Life Experience, these could match with your expectations about this Stash, or could not.

Expectations Kills Possibility

You can understand it by calling is another Basic law of Nature. But I thing it is not that simple. What I found is: We know that there are 6 possibilities if I roll a dice. It is finite because a dice can't have more than 6 faces. Now we live in a single universe of multiverse. Thus, there can be infinite possibilities.  So (If you believe in multiverse theory) your another version in another universe has the same expectation and unfortunately his expectation becomes a reality. So whose fault is this? Nature? No. Your? No. It's just a matter of turn. Sometimes you win, sometimes other yous.

How this works?

Well it is 'The Energy Game'. When you expects something, your subconscious mind spread the energy waves and try to make the environment more favorable. You will not believe me at first. But what I found is, the more you try this, the more powerful wave your subconscious mind will produce. You have to keep this practice until you get the result (+ve Result). So you have to expect positive. That's why they say "Always Positive". How will I do this regularly? Tell your inner you to keep this practice carry on. You will have no longer to do it by yourself. But it takes a Hard-Kick-Start at first.

How will it works for me?

This could be a bit tricky for your mind. Because our mind expects what we feed it. A child expects a lot from you when he give you smartphone to install a good decent game from Play Store which he just watched on a YouTube gaming Channel. Thus he expects positive. Thus, it is more likely that he will play the game.This will lead him to keep this practice. In his teenage, he will develop a strong powerful Wave Producing System. And these are the people who are always positive.The reverse Case:You can now easily imagine the other side.He believes that only his Hard work will make him successful

A Case of a Child

Sometime you may have observed that your reverse expectation gave you a positive result. And that is true sometimes. Because you can't be the same all the times. You have to change. A student laptop will not be used for reading articles all the time. A student watches movies sometimes. This is change, and it is necessary for our existence. So when I have to expect negative? When you think that your positivity is failing. And that is a sign of change. Another answer can be : It depends on your situation. If you have practiced positivity many times, your subconscious mind will tell you.

If positive fails, try Negative.

There may be situations when you can't expect anything from life. Like entrance exam result. You passed or you failed. What happened in background? Your previous actions are responsible for now. What you have done previously will be summarized now. If you really did Hard work, you are more likely to pass. Else, you know. This is Why Karama Counts. So please try to be kind and problem solver for all. Not only this will give you inner peace but maximize your positive results also.

Positive Karama = Positive Result

First thing that only you can maximize or minimize your results. If you are polity and honest to your friends, they will support you. You will not have to expect from them. Do hard work instead of shortcut. Smart work will do sometimes. Because hard work has no alternatives. To pass an exam, you have to study(smart or hard, depends on you).Learn some Psychological methods to win other's mind. This can work if you facing Shape-shifters in your life.And MEDITATE. Meditate to become a foreteller. You can use your skills for what you should expect from life.

What else I can do?

I fully agree that expectations hurts when they kills the possibilities. So I will not expect anything from anyone. You can't. Because your mind was fed in a way of expectations. You can force yourself now to not expect , but all you will get is PAIN. So instead of losing hope, try something new. Try to believe people. Try to expects positive. It will be hard and painful for a while, but it can save you from lifetime pain. Because NOTHING IS PERMANENT. Bad-days are days, not years.

Yeah! Expectations hurts

Understand yourself and those around you.

psychology

Psychology

mindfulness

Mindfulness

Expectations Kills Possibilities

<ul><li>We need to change our perspective on failure.</li><li>Plenty of us have an image of only successful people who never made mistakes or failures, when in reality, we all do - some just manage to make it look prettier than others</li><li>Failure is a large part of what it means to be human.</li></ul>

Perspective is everything

Set the right expectations for people. Don't waste time trying to convince people they'll succeedGet right down to what happens when things go wrong. Every little one goes through struggles as they learn to walk, and determination is all it takes to find dexterity

Set the right expectations for people

<ul><li>Facing hardship and enduring failure teaches us how to succeed.</li><li>Failure is a positive thing. A failure is simply something to work past, and my determination gives me an edge over other people.</li><li>Without any kind of challenge, success would likely be meaningless.</li></ul>

It's okay to fail

The only thing anyone can do for themselves is try their best and never give up.Try not to whine about how tough things are going to be or how much pressure there was from adults telling you this wasn't going to work.

Labels don't matter

Entrepreneurship is a never-ending process of refinement through trial and error. Failure is a natural part of success.We need to change our perspective on failure. Stop avoiding it, stop shaming others who make them, and start looking at what they can teach us about ourselves.

Success is built on a foundation of previous failure

Making mistakes is just another step in achieving your goals. We need to change our perspective on failure.

philosophy

Philosophy

motivationandinspiration

Motivation & Inspiration

leadershipandmanagement

Leadership & Management

Why You Need To Change Your Perspective on Failure

<ul><li>Partners need room to do their own things</li><li>Friends and family can visit</li><li>People want to travel more but don't want to give up the convenience of spaces such as a kitchen, living room, and bathroom.</li><li>Having a place to call home (that actually feels like a home): having something to come back to at the end of the day that felt like a home, rather than just a suitcase or a small vehicle.</li></ul>

Why do people choose an RV over other methods of long-term travel?

There are quite a few places you can park your RV at night. The most common.<ul><li>Campgrounds: Using campgrounds that provide hookups is the classic RV parking method.</li><li>Boondocking: Boondocking refers to finding a piece of land to camp on where you’re not hooked up to anything. It’s much more affordable than staying at a campground but does require some investment up front. </li><li>Moochdocking: Moochdocking is where you set up camp on a friend or family member’s driveway.</li></ul>

Where you sleep

While selecting your RV is a very personal choice, there are a few things everyone should consider:<ul><li>Power to get over mountain passes</li><li>Personal safety considerations: Especially when traveling solo, when you're parked somewhere for the night, have the ability to simply move into the back to go to sleep (without going outside)</li><li>Ease of use while driving</li><li>Age of the RV: A newer vehicle will likely need less renovations within. However, older RV electronics can be easier to maintain for those without a lot of RV knowledge.</li></ul>

What type of RV should you get?

For the most part, there are two options for buying your rig:<ul><li>Purchase it outright</li><li>Finance</li><li>It’s very similar to a car purchase, and financing makes breaking into the lifestyle a realistic achievement for those without too much in savings.</li></ul>

How do you finance your RV?

The cost of RV life will depend heavily on how, where, and when you prefer to travel.<ul><li>The daily cost of living for items like food, campsites, and gas will vary wildly depending on the area you’re in. If you’re seeking out big destination areas (as many travelers like to do), you’ll be spending more money than elsewhere.</li><li>Speed of travel: No matter where you park your rig, slowing down can help you save money. </li><li>RV life can work for every budget: In general, however, you can spend as much or as little as you want. Some get into RV life to save money. </li></ul>

How much does RV life cost?

<ul><li>Some have their own businesses that allow them to set their own hours. Some make money from YouTube, Instagram, and their blog.</li><li>Many work regular full-time corporate jobs that are remote. Some work just part-time to cover daily expenses. Some work seasonal jobs and travel the rest of the year. Others live off savings for a while.</li></ul>People make their transition all different ways. You have to figure out for yourself what will give you the independence to live in your RV while still making enough money to meet your financial goals.

What do RVers do for income?

<ul><li>Wasp spray: Wasp spray can be used as a personal defense item.</li><li>First aid kit: Do your best to be prepared for small medical emergencies by purchasing the classic safety essential, a first aid kit.</li><li>Home security camera</li><li>Motion-sensing security lights</li><li>Alarm systems. Get alerts on your phone if there’s suspicious activity.</li><li>Built-in GPS for the internet: it allows you to see where your rig is as well as how fast it’s moving. </li><li>Bike lock</li><li>Fire extinguishers</li><li>Automatic fire suppression systems</li><li>A kingpin is a locking mechanism that stops someone from coming over and taking your towable RV.</li></ul>

What safety essentials should you consider?

Seeing friends and family: Living in an RV makes it much easier to see friends and family. As one couple put it, they’re now able to visit with family they would normally only see at weddings and funerals.Spending more time in dream destinations: When you work a traditional 9-5 with limited PTO, your travels are also limited. Over the course of a year, you may go to a couple destinations for a week at a time. Because it’s a lifestyle rather than a vacation, living in an RV allows you to stay in these places for longer stretches.

What are the best parts of RV life?

<ul><li>Small living area: RVs are usually much larger than vans, but they’re still tiny in comparison to the stationary homes people leave behind.</li><li>Managing personal space can be a significant challenge. </li><li>Living on the road, you're at the mercy of the weather. </li><li>Planning exhaustion: You’re constantly planning everything from where you’re going to sleep at night to what hikes you’ll doing that week.</li><li>Campground scarcity: It can take time to get repairs and parts. Additionally, campsites are filled far ahead of time in some areas of the country. </li><li>Slight changes in daily chores: One of these is laundry. </li></ul>

Some challenging aspects to living on the road

<ul><li>Financial planning: Make sure you’re entering this lifestyle responsibly. Ideally, you should begin with as little debt as possible. </li><li>Decide what to do with your home: keep it or sell it. </li><li>Determine your residency.</li><li>Downsize: You will need so much less than you think you will. </li><li>Organize: When you have such a small space to work with, organization is key. </li><li>Prepare to make mistakes: As with anything you try for the first time, there’s a learning curve during which mistakes will happen. </li><li>Dive in: The only way to learn everything you need to know about RV life is by jumping in.</li></ul>

Before hitting the road

We dig into the lifestyle of long-term recreational vehicle living, by interviewing six individuals or couples experiencing it themselves

travel

Travel

So, you’re thinking of living the RV life – Lonely Planet

<ul><li>Change in business (and life) is essential for growth. Everything changes </li><li>Without understanding the importance of change you won't be able to alter the things in your business that aren't working and require change to flourish</li><li>Change in any business is vital as without it no business can succeed. Don't get too stuck in your old ways/ habits</li><li>BE OPEN TO CHANGE</li></ul>

Lesson 1: Change

"Frightened of change? But what can exist without it? What's closer to nature's heart? Can you take a hot bath and leave the firewood as it was? Eat food without transforming it? Can any vital process take place without something being changed?"

<ul><li>Most small businesses fail because they believe that if they understand the technical work of a business then they understand a business that does technical work (e.g. just because you are a good carpenter, doesn't mean you understand how to start a carpentry business)</li><li>The key here is to ensure that you understand the inner workings of business before attempting to start one. If you have already started a business, you still have a chance to learn but that will require change!</li></ul>

Lesson 2: THINK DIFFERENTLY

"If your business depends on you, you don't own a business-you have a job. And it's the worst job in the world because you're working for a lunatic!

Every person who goes into business is made up of three different people These are<ol><li> The Technician, </li><li>The Manager, and </li><li>The Entrepreneur. </li></ol><ul><li>Each of us has different aspects of these personalities inside of us which we need to understand so we can make better decisions. </li><li>Balancing all three of these personality types is ideal and would allow us to be incredibly competent.</li></ul> These personalities are as follows:

Lesson 3: The three personalities

<ul><li>The Entrepreneur is always thinking forward and about the future. </li><li>This personality is the part of us that is constantly making strategies, innovating, thinking creatively, looking for opportunities (and occasionally wrecking havoc).</li><li> This also comes with the need for control of the things around them</li><li>CREATES THE VISION</li></ul>

The Entrepreneur

<ul><li>The Manager is the planner/ organiser. Always creating order and living in the past. Where the Entrepreneur sees opportunity and possibilities, the Manager sees the problems that will invariably occur.</li><li>Constantly chasing the Entrepreneur and cleaning up the mess left behind, the Manager is tactical and focuses on achieving results through others.</li><li>TURNS THE VISION INTO ACTION</li></ul>

The Manager

<ul><li>The Technician is the doer. Loving the hands-on work within the business</li><li>Not caring about thinking or ideas or multitasking, the Technician just wants to tinker and work, always living in the present</li><li>The Technician believes that all things need to be reduced to a method if they are to be of value</li><li>Ruminating is common of this personality type</li><li>DELIVERS ON THE VISION THROUGH VARIOUS SYSTEMS</li></ul>

The Technician

SYSTEMS?<ul><li>Systems are one of the most important aspects of your business.</li><li>Systems are a series of specific and explained processes showing how to carry out a task in detail</li></ul>WHY ?Systems are important for:<ul><li>Creating consistency</li><li>Increasing your business's value</li><li>Improving quality of work</li><li>Increasing efficiency</li></ul>RULES<ol><li>Always give consistent value to your customers and partners</li><li>The system should be able to be operated by low skilled workers</li><li>Order is required in all aspects</li><li>Document using an Operations manual</li><li>Provide predicable service to customers</li><li>Use colour schemes specific to your business</li></ol>

Lesson 4: SYSTEMS and Strategy

Important for anyone in business already or wanting to start one

An instant classic, this revised and updated edition of the phenomenal bestseller dispels the myths about starting your own business. Small business consultant and author Michael E. Gerber, with sharp insight gained from years of experience, points out how common assumptions, expectations, and even technical expertise can get in the way of running a successful business. Gerber walks you through the steps in the life of a business—from entrepreneurial infancy through adolescent growing pains to the mature entrepreneurial perspective: the guiding light of all businesses that succeed—and shows how to apply the lessons of franchising to any business, whether or not it is a franchise. Most importantly, Gerber draws the vital, often overlooked distinction between working on your business and working in your business. The E-Myth Revisited will help you grow your business in a productive, assured way.

moneyandinvestments

Money & Investments

entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship

business

Business

An instant classic, this revised and updated edition of the phenomenal bestseller dispels the myths about starting your own business. Small business consultant and author Michael E. Gerber, with sharp insight gained from years of experience, points out how common assumptions, expectations, and even technical expertise can get in the way of running a successful business. Gerber walks you through the steps in the life of a business—from entrepreneurial infancy through adolescent growing pains to the mature entrepreneurial perspective: the guiding light of all businesses that succeed—and shows how to apply the lessons of franchising to any business, whether or not it is a franchise. Most importantly, Gerber draws the vital, often overlooked distinction between working on your business and working in your business.The E-Myth Revisited will help you grow your business in a productive, assured way.

Michael E. Gerber is a true legend of entrepreneurship. Inc. Magazine called him "the World's #1 Small Business Guru." He started over 40-plus years ago addressing a significant need in the small business market: businesses owned primarily by people with technical skills but few business skills, and no place to go to get meaningful help.

Michael E. Gerber

The E-Myth Revisited

Freedom is my birthright. I must haveit.

The problem is not the lack of resources or capability, but the lack of will.

If God is put up with untouchability, I will not call him God.

It may be providence's will that the cause I represent may prosper more by my suffering than by my remaining free.

The geologist takes up the history of the earth at the point where the archaeologist leaves it and carries it further back into remote antiquity.

Religion and practical life are not different. To take sanyas (renunciation) is not to abandon life. The real spirit is to make the country, your family, and work together instead of working only for your own. The step beyond is to serve humanity and the next step is to serve God.

The most practical teaching of the Gita, and one for which it is of abiding interest and value to the men of the world with whom life is a series of struggles is not to give way to any morbid sentimentality when duty demands sternness and the boldness to face terrible things.

If we trace the history of any nation backwards into the past, we come at last to a period of myths and traditions which eventually fade away into impenetrable darkness

Life is all about a card game. Selecting the right card is not in our hand. But playing well with the cards in hand determines our success.

Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it!

<ul><li>Also known as the father of nationalism, he was an Indian nationalist, teacher, social reformer, lawyer and independence activist.</li><li>He became the first popular leader of the Indian freedom struggle and is considered as one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj during the Britsh Raj.</li><li>During the freedom struggle, he was given many titles, like 'The father of the Indian unrest', given by British colonial authorities; 'Lokmanya', which means accepted by the people (as their leader).</li><li>Not just this, even Mahatma Gandhi gave him the title of 'The Maker of Modern India".</li></ul>

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

I like to think of Tilak as a programmer. He is not too glamourous but he knows how to manage and solve resource constraint problems. He does not think of India as HUGE as it is but he sees it using a modular approach where you need to make progress on an infinitesimal level and that is a real good win too.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Birth Anniversary: He became the first popular leader of the Indian freedom struggle and is considered as one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj during the Britsh Raj.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Birth Anniversary: 10 powerful quotes by Indian freedom fighter that will inspire you 

Emotions are energy in motion. Without them, we wouldn't feel compelled to act, create, or move an inch. This is why they are so vital, not just in our personal lives, but also in the workplace. A company's formal organizational structure is always invisibly overlaid with an informal network of relationships fueled by emotions.

The Motion Of Emotions

<ul><li>The pandemic has made us reassess our relationships, and what truly matters to us.</li><li>We feel strongly about work, and if this sentiment is not recognized by our employers, we quit.</li><li>Often the fear of organizational backlash prevents us from pursuing a more emotional life at work, very much at the expense of more fulfilling and effective work cultures.</li></ul>

Toxic Positivity

<ul><li>Emotions occur along a gradient and are not sharply distinguishable or mutually exclusive.</li><li>For a considerable period, common wisdom held that there are a base set of six "classic" emotions: happy, surprised, afraid, disgusted, angry, and sad. Other studies point out that there are only four basic emotions.</li><li>Dissection and identification of emotions isn't possible as they are not crystallized to a single tone.</li></ul>

Emotions Overlap and Mash Together

<ul><li>Empathy is the foundation for emotional intimacy within workplaces</li><li>Difficult times must be met with the courage to meet difficult emotions in an effort to connect better with ourselves and others</li><li>Facing-and living-all of our emotions, rather than just "managing" them, is the difference between a merely productive workplace and one we wholeheartedly want to be at</li></ul>

Self-Empathy

A truly human workplace is not one that wants to make us happy all the time, contends Tim Leberecht, the cofounder and CEO of the House of Beautiful Business. 


corporateculture

Corporate Culture

Why we need ’emotional diversity’ at work right now

Tedcore is a sub-genre of self-help books that uses feel-good philosophy to turn our anxieties into our identity. It combines the comforting vocabulary of modern therapy with grand pseudoscientific theories on human behaviour. Books such as Atlas of the Heart, Atomic Habits, The Body Keeps The Score, Attached, and Mating in Captivity market feel-good versions of philosophy that don't challenge our conceptions but validate our feelings. Many of these authors have given Ted talks and ensures everyone leaves feeling smarter and more special.

Tedcore

Tedcore is a product that falls under “self-care” and “affirms” our identity. It operates through a system of wellness: processing your trauma is vital. Yet it ignores everything that actually produces anxiety in our society, such as unstable economies, war, mass migration, climate change, and tearing social fabric and families.  All these theories of an abnormal self are indebted to Freudian psychoanalysis, yet it is rarely mentioned or only in passing.

Tedcore makes you feel good

The solutions these Tedcore books offer consistently encourage us to look outward, take yoga, get over our exes, and process our trauma by directing our energy towards something new. Mason describes the “value of suffering”. That “happiness requires struggle”, and something wonderful awaits you on the other side of feeling sorry for yourself. Yet you sit alone in your apartment or next to your sleeping partner, scanning the pages of a self-help book for mentions of the one thing you really care about: you.

Tedcore solutions

Bestsellers like Atlas of the Heart and Atomic Habits use feel-good philosophy to turn our anxieties into our identity

Tedcore: the self-help books that have changed the way we live, speak and think

The business of staying alive. Jan Lucassen and James Suzman both think that there is, at this moment, a particular interest in work. They point to recent and possible future changes in work as reasons why this might be the case: the rise of the gig economy and the spectre of robotics and artificial intelligence.

Work To Live Or Live To Work?

Lucassen aims to produce a comprehensive history of work. This might seem an unexceptional undertaking, but what makes it at once important and demanding is how fully he embraces the still radical idea that all humans are historical, and not just a fraction of them.Put another way, Lucassen’s signal accomplishment is his rejection of the received convention identifying history with the past several thousand years of human existence, almost solely in Eurasia and especially in Europe.

History Of Work

A view in which most of human time is prehistory and most areas of the world are outside or without history (at least until recent centuries).Thus, in place of a narrative that begins with “the Greeks” and ends with “us” – or that takes this codified narrative and tacks on hunter-gatherers and the Neolithic Revolution as prefaces to it – Lucassen attempts what properly can be called not just a world history of work, but a human history of work. On this important point, we can hope that Lucassen’s text is in the vanguard of comprehensive histories of any topic.

A Human History Of Work

Such a thorough-going revisioning of the temporal depth and geographic scope of history – this recognition of history as co-extensive with human existence – gives history as a field of inquiry both anthropological ambitions and anthropological troubles. Thus, in taking “work” as the focus of his ambitious history, Lucassen faces the same conceptual problem that anthropology has long struggled with in regard to topics of cross-cultural study, notably “kinship”, “religion” and “economics”.

A Conceptual Problem

The great difficulty here is that such terms refer at once to something that is present wherever and whenever humans are present and, very differently, to something – also fully real – that is present in only a small subset of human social orders, and even in these not identically. Similarly, “work” can usefully be taken to refer to whatever humans, in every time and place, do to keep themselves alive – to obtain food and shelter, for instance.

The Term "Work"

Yet “work” in our world is also a cultural category or slot within which we, in our social world, place human activities on the basis of how fully (or, perhaps, how blatantly) they are located in a cash or monetary nexus. Sex is an obvious example of an activity that is work when it is paid for, but not in other cases. Work in this cultural sense exists as an attribution given to activities according to a particular set of social norms and values.

A Cultural Category

What this means for Lucassen’s project is that we can study work in the first sense across all moments of human existence, and thus can produce a history of this self-same thing. But work in the second sense cannot be examined throughout human existence, because it is not always there. To the contrary, it occurs only when and where monetary exchanges are present or, more precisely, are socially instituted – which is the case in only a small subset of history (in Lucassen’s properly expanded sense).

The Many Senses

What the recognition of work in the cultural sense demands, in terms of the project of producing a comprehensive human history of it, is the nuanced and often slippery task of comparing “work” as it exists for us to relevant cultural phenomena found in other times and places – with the considerable catch being to judge what the relevant comparatives are in other historical moments.

A Slippery Task

As the anthropologist Jim Boon has argued, doing this has much in common with translation, where one must find rough equivalents in a target language for something familiar, but then, rather than stopping, also register the differences or incommensurability between them.Lucassen fails to grapple with this hermeneutic or interpretative aspect of producing a human history of work. Instead he defines work at the outset of his book as “all pursuits apart from free time or leisure”.

 Differences or incommensurability 

This takes a division of life and time in which we today are immersed, and which arose under specific historical circumstances, and mis-recognizes it as an existential fact present everywhere humans are present. Lucassen’s book thus lacks a reliable and grounded basis for what is and is not included as it moves through human time, even as many of its segments are nicely informative taken on their own.

A Division Of Life and Time

The strongest part of the book is its discussion of increased industriousness across Eurasia from the 1600s through the early 1800s. Here Lucassen provides an excellent synthesis of the large literatures on Japan, China and Europe, and adds a helpful account of what, to date, remains a much smaller body of research on India. Lucassen registers both the common elements and differences between forms of labour intensification in these different regions of Eurasia, and he attends nicely to the range of ways labourers resisted exploitation and pursued better lives for themselves.

Strongest Parts Of The Book

Less satisfactory is a full section of one chapter devoted to “The Original Affluent Society”, Marshall Sahlins’s essay on hunter-gatherers, appropriating the catchy title but appending a question mark.This attention to Sahlins’s essay makes sense, given that it is one of the most important cross-cultural studies of work ever produced.Yet Lucassen fails to grasp that while Sahlins calculates hours of labour by hunter-gatherers, he is clear that this coding of time in studies of hunting-gathering societies is an analytic device introduced from our world for the sake of comparison.

Unsatisfactory 

Sahlins’s larger argument is that hunter-gatherers demonstrate a pursuit of a finite sufficiency (what economic historians would call “a target income”) that is generally obtainable by them with time to spare, and that in these circumstances, “work” does not exist as an objectified thing set apart from social life overall. E. P. Thompson understood this comparative, cultural point quite well, but Thompson gets almost no attention from Lucassen.

An Objectified Thing

Similarly, later in the book, when Lucassen discusses the Industrial Revolution, he oddly sets aside the role of fossil fuels as a crucial factor in “economic growth” over the past two centuries. He speaks instead of the importance of “steam power” – at the expense of naming the energy sources used to vaporize so much water and do so much else (generate electricity, for instance).

A Crucial Factor

Entirely consistent with this notable backgrounding of fossil fuels, Lucassen’s concluding discussion of “future scenarios” for work leaves out any consideration of our unfolding climate catastrophe as being at most only “indirectly” related to work: an exclusion Lucassen explicitly acknowledges only in an endnote. Given how extensively work in the decades ahead of us is likely to be affected by the crises of climate change, this alone is a good indication of the inadequacy of how Lucassen has defined work as the object of his inquiry.

Future Scenarios

Lucassen’s is a scholarly work defined by an academic project; Suzman seeks to dispense knowledge to a wider audience. Whereas Lucassen devotes one section of a chapter to Sahlins’s famous essay, Suzman provides an entire chapter entitled “The Original Affluent Society”. That chapter does an admirable job of providing an accessible version of Sahlins’s argument, to the effect that the modern predicament of finding our means or resources insufficient for our wants – driving us to work and work and work, and driving planet-destroying “growth” – is not a universal aspect of human existence.

A Universal Aspect of Human Existence

But the chapter is surrounded by a text that offers a dizzying array of unrelated, and too often incompatible, claims concerning, to give a sample: the role of fire in early hominid evolution; the relationship of all living things to the entropy of the universe; and the emergence by natural selection of “social”, as distinct from “selfish”, traits. It is as if, to draw in and entertain the elusive and desired general reader, Suzman offers everything and anything that he thinks might capture that reader’s attention.

A Dizzying Array

Big global historical books that have been particularly successful in capturing a broad readership over the past twenty-five years have tended to follow one of two paths. A book such as Jared Diamond’s Guns, Germs, and Steel (1997) is driven by a small number of big ideas that Diamond deploys to explain far too much. Yuval Noah Harari’s Sapiens (2011), by contrast, is notably discursive, if also persistently entertaining. In terms of this contrast, Suzman’s Work is decisively in the Sapiens mould – but even more so. The result is a Dada-esque pastiche ...

A Dada-esque Pastiche ...

At a moment when hyper-capitalism is ferociously extracting surplus value from workers and producing new extremes of inequality, while also driving growth past what our planet can bear, we very much need highly accessible books for broad audiences that build on Sahlins’s critical insights. In this regard, David Graeber’s Debt: The first 5,000 years (2011) and Jason Hickel’s Less Is More: How degrowth will save the world (2020) are far more than either Jan Lucassen’s or James Suzman’s studies of the history of workDaniel A. Segal is Professor of Anthropology and History at Pitzer College

We Need Accessible Books

Jan Lucassen and James Suzman both think that there is, at this moment, a particular interest in work. They point to recent and possible future changes in

How the business of staying alive became part of the cash nexus

The main definition of opportunity cost is that every decision you make there is a trade off to it Not all trade offs are equal though so throughout your day you need to examine the trade offs you are making and figure out whether they work or not

Opportunity Cost 

This is a mental model that states you want to get things that are higher in quality but lower in investments or money. It states that when you bet on something most people don’t usually think will win your return on investment or ROI is incredibly large

Paramutal Betting Or “Pool Betting”

This is a strong mental model to have especially if you are going into a field that is already well established When you specialize you give people a reason to want to follow you or buy from your business. Specialization can help you gain more customers

Specialization Is Key 

Don’t go into business or marry someone you cannot trust that is a recipe for disaster When you say you trust someone then you need to show it by your actions as well that is important

Margin Of Safety and Trus

Incentives are one of the strongest influences in humankind Incentives help push workers to be more productive but you need to be careful because of the over justification effect

The Superpower Of Incentives 

Follow me if you want a part 3 and figure out a key way that you can build trust with anyone

Follow Me For Part 3

Part 2 as I promised the Incentives mental model was especially interesting 

Charlie Munger, the vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway and one of the most successful investors ever, is said to have the best 30-second mind in the world. He goes from A to Z in one move. He sees the essence of everything before you can even finish the sentence. How does he do it? Through observing reality and running it against his mental models. In this series of videos, you’ll learn some of the most important models which Charlie Munger uses, which he has talked about publicly. These mental models have helped Munger to conquer the stock market, but they are so diverse that they have applications within many other areas too. For example, they have allowed Munger to be a successful Chairman at a large hospital, and they have allowed him to overcome devastating personal losses. The series will cover a total of 35 of Charlie’s mental models. He says he has some 100 models in his head at all times, but he also says that a few of them carry most of the freight. I think that we’ll cover the most important ones in this series, which will be divided into 7 parts, will 5 models in each one. The models will primarily be related to investing, but also to associated subjects such as economics, entrepreneurship & career. Hope you enjoy. Part 3: https://youtu.be/p8VK5iajWyw The mental models covered in this episode are: 00:00 Intro 00:39 Opportunity Costs 04:40 Parimutuel Betting 07:24 Survival of the Fittest 11:25 Margin of Safety 14:01 The Superpower of Incentives The mental models that were covered in part 1 (https://youtu.be/ywyQ_eNNCJU ): - The Swiss Army Knife Approach - Make Friends With the Eminent Dead - Invert, Always Invert - Compounding - Crush Your Cherished Beliefs My goal with this channel is to help you make more money and improve your personal finances. How to become a millionaire? There are many ways to get there – investing in the stock market, becoming a stock trader, doing real estate investing, or why not becoming an entrepreneur? But whether you are interested in how to invest in stocks or investing strategies for creating passive income with rental properties – I hope to be able to provide you with a solution (or at least an idea) here. Warren Buffett - the greatest investor of our time - says that you should fill your mind with competing ideas and then see what makes sense to you. This channel is about filling your mind with those ideas. And in the process – upgrading your money-making toolbox.

problemsolving

Problem Solving

Charlie Munger: Mental Models for the Rest of Your Life (PART 2)

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